L2 attitude and motivation of secondary, undergraduate, and postgraduate ESL learners in India

Second language (L2) attitude and motivation-related studies focusing on differences caused by age have mostly highlighted the temporal dimension of L2 motivation. Age-related motivation also been gainfully employed at comparisons between learners different groups recruited from learning environments. Such not, however, attempted an analysis attitudinal motivational that may exist among within a closer range, e.g., 18 to 25 years. This article presents findings survey, using modified version Dӧrnyei et al. (2006) Ryan (2005), conducted secondary, undergraduate, postgraduate English as second (ESL) (N210) in India. It primarily comparative constructs integrativeness, instrumentality, cultural interest, linguistic self-confidence, anxiety attested sample. Additionally, it offers description correlation five concerning ESL groups. As across academic levels demonstrated more side they reported self-confidence familiar environment classroom than outside it. Since better strategies enhance learner dedication certain L2, elaborated understanding specific this important range should help design useful effective pedagogical methods.